One lamella – 3 challenges solved

Stone wool lamellas solving thermal, fire and sound insulation challenges in underground car parks

Increasing urban density and traffic volumes are pushing real estate developers and builders to find new parking solutions. Underground car parks are meeting this need, as they are now being constructed not only under shopping centers and office buildings but also under apartment blocks. This initiative is welcome, as it allows residents to enjoy green spaces around their buildings instead of navigating through paved courtyards or vehicle-filled streets.

Challenges of underground parking

Underground parking is a viable option, but it also brings challenges that need to be addressed during construction, installation, and operation.

First of all, underground car parks are unheated, and their entrance and exit lanes are often open. This allows cold air to flow in, significantly chilling the overlay, which serves as the car park's ceiling and the floor of the residential or commercial premises above. As a result, underground garages, basements, and other sub-level rooms have significant potential for heat savings since they are usually not insulated. However, if the slab is not properly insulated, it may freeze and cause serious heat losses.

Secondly, the most effective way to insulate any structure is by adding a layer of thermal insulation from the outside. For underground car parks, this means insulating the ceiling. However, this poses both technological and fire prevention challenges. Due to air movement that can spread fire, only fire-resistant materials should be used for thermal insulation. While fire resistance is crucial for all structures, the risk is higher in car parks due to the flammability and explosiveness of car exhausts and fuels.

Thirdly, the constant noise from cars in a large underground garage space, as well as the operation sound of the ventilation system, easily reaches the rooms above. This noise is not only annoying and disruptive for the occupants but also affects their comfort and well-being. Effective sound insulation is crucial in order to minimize this noise pollution. By using soundproofing materials, we can create a quieter environment, enhancing the quality of life of residents and reducing stress levels. Additionally, sound insulation helps to maintain privacy and prevents disturbances, making it an essential aspect of building design.